A Bone to Pick Essays - Death Customs, Catacombs, Cemeteries, Paris

A Bone to Pick Essays - Death Customs, Catacombs, Cemeteries, Paris Kayla Cardwell ARTH 2010-W91 Amy Evans 11-10-15 A Bone to Pick The catacombs walls are very structured in they way they were built, the walls hold a lot of history, and the catacombs today are a very large tourist attraction. The Catacombs are located in Paris, France. Paris is not all about romance and love. Paris medieval vibe was once overwhelming. By the seventeenth century it was in fact, so overwhelming that there were literally dead bodies filling the streets. They then had the idea to move the rotting corps into the underground limestone quarries that were made in the thirteenth century when Paris was being built. Louis XV tried to move all cemeteries out of Paris for this very reason. Churches fought for them to stay, as it is wrong to move the dead. Residents often complained about the overwhelming stench of rotting flesh that filled the air. Perfume shops in the area complained that even they could not operate business properly because of the unusual putrid smell. This continued for years, as nothing was done about the cemeteries unti l 1780. The remains werent just thrown underground never to been seen again. No, they were artfully placed on the walls throughout all of the underground quarries. The tunnels cover right at 4.3 miles under Paris. Mazes and twists and turns throughout are all covered floor to ceiling with neatly stacked bones including human skulls. Despite the obvious eerie nature, the catacombs are actually quite beautiful. Patterns were even created using the bones such as a cross and heart. A big storm hits Paris in the 1700s causing the ground to rise. The corpses of millions of Parisians rose with it at an astounding eight feet above the street level. The streets were literally being filled with dead bodies. Residents in the area were getting diseases from the water and other supply that was being contaminated by this. Between 1786 and 1788, city officials agreed to have the cemeteries moved to the underground quarries beneath Paris. Priests blessed the tunnels below before any of the remains were moved. Taking place at night, the bones were silently moved on carts followed by a parade of priests. There are now roughly six to seven million people buried within the catacombs. There were some disagreements of this by neighboring churches due to beliefs that the dead must stay where they were laid to rest. After disease and the sickening smell of the dead filled the streets however, this decision was a lot easier to make. Among the millions that were buried, there were a handful of famous people. According to Erin McCarthy, a writer for New York Times, A number of notable people buried in those cemeteries likely had their bones transferred to the Catacombs. The list includes writers Jean de La Fontaine (Fables) and Charles Perrault (known for fairy tales like Little Red Riding Hood, Cinderella, and Puss in Boots), painter Simon Vouet, and architect Salomon de Brosse (who designed the city's Luxembourg Palace) (McCarthy, Spending Time Among the Bones of Pariss Catacombs). The Catacombs today attract numerous tourists. Thousands upon thousands of thrill seekers come to Paris each year for the tour of a lifetime. It is now widely known as one of the scariest places on earth. After closing the cemetery off for burials, city officials decided it would make an exotic experience for tourists. For around $11 one can take the forty-five minute guided or unguided tour underground. Only few are allowed in at a time due to lack of oxygen below. Tourists are only welcome to 2.1 miles of the Catacombs. The rest of the winding tunnels are closed off and made illegal for public entrance. Apparently, it is quite easy to become lost within the tunnels.

The Difference Between Shade and Shadow

The Difference Between Shade and Shadow The Difference Between Shade and Shadow The Difference Between Shade and Shadow By Maeve Maddox Øystein Sveum Moen poses an interesting question about shade and shadow: I constantly end up in discussions whether somethings in the shade or shadow. Is there a clear definition of the difference between these two? Where I come from (Norway) we have a single word covering all forms of light blocking darkness. Both shade and shadow come from the same Old English word sceadu, shade, shadow, darkness. The general definitions given for both words are almost identical in the OED: shadow:  I. Comparative darkness.  1. a. Comparative darkness, esp. that caused by interception of light; a tract of partial darkness produced by a body intercepting the direct rays of the sun or other luminary. shade: I. Comparative darkness. 1 a. Partial or comparative darkness; absence of complete illumination; esp. the comparative darkness caused by a more or less opaque object intercepting the direct rays of the sun or other luminary. Both words have numerous uses. For example, shade can mean the ghost or spirit of someone dead. Capitalized, Shadow is a term given by Carl Jung to the aspect of the human personality formed by fears and unpleasant emotions. The OED entries for shade and shadow include about 40 different definitions for each of the words. Used in the sense of comparative darkness, the words are sometimes, but not always interchangeable. Shade is what one seeks on a hot sunny day. We sit or walk in the shade. Plants that do well in the shade are called shade-loving plants. Shadow usually refers to a shape cast by an object that blocks the sun. A person casts a shadow in the shape of the human body. Figuratively, however, one might say that a younger brother lives under the shadow or in the shade of an older brother. Both words have emotional connotations. To those of us who live in hot climates, shade has pleasant and soothing associations. Shadow is evocative of something mysterious or threatening, especially in the plural. Stalkers lurk in the shadows. As the sun sets, evening shadows fall, concealing what was formerly visible and making the ordinary strange. Addressing the difference between shade and shadow in Modern English Usage, H.W. Fowler concludes that shadow is to shade as pool is to water. He points out that shady means full of shade, but shadowy like a shadow. Shade, therefore, denotes a general state, while shadow implies a shape. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 English Grammar Rules You Should Know50 Latin Phrases You Should Know12 Misunderstood and Misquoted Shakespearean Expressions

Business&Management Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9000 words

Business&Management - Dissertation Example These five questions are very important as it covers all major areas for studying consumer behaviours. In order to cater to those five questions, this paper has presented and discussed important sections like literature review, primary research and secondary research. The literature review has presented important theoretical background to understand the mechanism behind consumer behaviour. The primary research has obtained important data for identifying the prevailing consumers’ behaviours and secondary research has provided the factual data to link with the primary data. The gathered primary data has disclosed major trends in consumer behaviour in car markets of the UK and on the Chinese people. These primary data are also discussed and analysed in the light of the given theoretical background and secondary data. The output of the primary data analyses has supported the consumer behavioural theories and secondary data. As per the discussions based on literature review, primar y and secondary data, this paper is able to cater to the five pre-defined research questions. The consumer behaviour in automobile industry of China and UK is influenced by a number of factors like culture, economic condition, brand, quality, price etc and these factors varies as per the national culture and system of the two countries. The successful automobile companies presented in both countries are able to differentiate and identify the multiple factors influencing the consumer buying behaviour. 1. Introduction The cultural paradigm of different markets like China and Britain reflect significant impacts on the purchasing behaviour of cars and domestic vehicles. The main aim of the paper revolves around understanding the reasons or factors which bring about cultural changes and thereby affect the demand for cars in the two markets. Chinese consumers in their activity of purchasing cars render special emphasis to the paradigm of quality and service. People of China tend to buy th e cars of those companies which tend to provide the best service available in terms of sales and customer service. Further, the Chinese consumers also entertain large amount of sales packages along with the products which help in enhancing the product attributes. The Chinese consumers in addition to enhanced quality and service parameters also desire better accessibility of the vehicles in the consumer markets. This signifies that the dealership factor with regard to the branded cars must be further enhanced to help the Chinese consumers gain easy and better accessibility to such products. Moreover, the Chinese consumers are also characterized as being effective negotiators while making a deal to purchase a new car. Thus, the car manufacturers who desire to enter

How to Negotiates an Enterprise Agreement in Australia Research Paper

How to Negotiates an Enterprise Agreement in Australia - Research Paper Example Through an enterprise agreement, employees, employers as well as bargaining representatives (including unions) negotiate to create a set of employee entitlements bridging the gaps between organizational aims and employee interests. Accordingly, an enterprise agreement can have terms that are added to the National Employment Standards in Australia (Aged & Community Services, n.d.). This paper highlights the process of negotiation of enterprise agreement generally followed in Australia. Ways to Negotiate an Enterprise Agreement in Australia An enterprise agreement in Australia is regulated by the New Fair Work System, which was enacted during the year 2009. This agreement works as a tool that allows employers and employees to bridge the misalignment and develop an agreement based on mutual interests concerning the rights that may better suit the needs of the individual in the respective workplace. There are basically three types of enterprise agreements available in Australia, viz., Si ngle-enterprise agreements, Multi-enterprise agreements and Greenfields agreements. Single- enterprise agreements take place between the employees and a single employer emphasizing a particular interest, rather than taking into account multiple interests. Correspondingly, a multi-enterprise agreement is signed between employees and employers involving more than one interest. Unlike the single and multi-enterprises agreements, the Greenfields agreements are made between an employer and an employee in the organization and can be formed both in the manner of a single?enterprise or a multi?enterprise agreement (Fair Work Australian Government, 2013). Commencing  Bargaining The first step of negotiation in signing an enterprise agreement in Australia is to commence bargaining between the employee and the employer. There are the two ways through which a bargaining may start in enterprise agreements in Australia. Initially, the employees and employer need to agree to negotiate, following which, employee bargaining process shall instigate. Correspondingly, the union may approach the employer with a proposed agreement or a list of demands, often regarded as a ‘log of claims’, conveying those attributes they would like to see in the proposed agreement, or the changes they wish to make to an existing agreement. In broader terms, if approached by the union or the employees, the employer must negotiate and must do so in good faith. If the employer refuses to negotiate, the other party may apply to fair work provisions in Australian Fair Work Commission to obtain a majority support determination, mandatory to obtain statutory approval for the negotiated changes (Australian Fair Work Commission, 2013). Low-Paid Bargaining The recently followed negotiating process of enterprise agreements in Australia provides a new scheme of bargaining for industrial development of low paid employees. To facilitate the entry of this particular group of employees, rendering equ al significance to the interests of their respective organizational employers, the provision in Australia provides with a special low?paid bargaining benefit. In precise, the provision dictates that Fair Work Australia may convene and chair conferences and guide the parties through the negotiating process in order to secure the interests of low-wage earners within the economy (Teicher & et. al., 2013). Good Faith Bargaining The Fair Work Commission of Australia is also regarded as a determinant and noteworthy aspect in constructing enterprises agreem

Critiques of Faulkner’s Sound and Fury Essay -- Faulkner’s The Sound a

Critiques of Faulkner’s Sound and Fury After reading through a large chunk of criticism, it seems clear to me how David Minter, editor of our edition, hopes to direct the readers’ attentions. I was rather dumbstruck by the number of essays included in the criticism of this edition that felt compelled to discuss Faulkner and the writing of The Sound and the Fury seemingly more than to discuss the text itself. Upon going back over the essay, I realized that Minter’s own contribution, â€Å"Faulkner, Childhood, and the Making of The Sound and the Fury,† is a prime example of such â€Å"criticism of the text† that focuses on the author, his creation of the text as a process, and the author’s self-professed opinions of the text. I have a number of problems with this idea. Although analyzing Faulkner and his process is not condemnable in of itself, it seems as though nearly every essay in this edition feels it necessary to include a lengthy quote by Faulkner addressing either his love of Caddy , his non-plan when writing the novel, or his deeming the novel a failure. After reading about these facts in essay after essay, one hopes Minter is satisfied in drilling them into the reader’s head. Another issue I have with these inclusions is the relevancy of an author’s statements concerning the writing process of a particular text after the text has been written. It seems that most of Faulkner’s comments about the novel and the writing process were recorded long after the fact, and I have trouble believing his statements concerning his writing process after publication. It seems more likely that his repeated desire to emphasize Caddy’s positive nature is a direct response to more negative receptions of the character upon the release of the book. Re... ...solely within the imaginations of her three brothers. For Benjy, she is a non-past memory; for Quentin, her spoiled virginity haunts him (along with the honeysuckle he associates with her); for Jason, Caddy haunts in the form of the lost job and subsequent material loss. Thus she becomes in actuality triply phenomenally constructed, for not only does she exist solely within the imaginations of her brothers (in whatever form they are haunted by), but also within the imaginations of Faulkner and the reader. Just as we are watching the watched watcher, readers conceive of Caddy solely through her watchers, the brothers, and their watcher, Faulkner. Caddy exists only in the imaginations of the three (brothers, Faulkner, reader), but she effectively and efficiently haunts them all, detached and delocated from her material body into the phenomenal body of the imagination.

Compensation Package Proposal

Compensation is a very important aspect of the employee of a company; it seems important a well-defined compensation package is in place. â€Å"Compensation involves direct cash payments, indirect payments in the form of employee benefits, and incentives to motivate employees to strive for higher levels of productivity. † (Cascio, 2010, p. 413) It seems a compensation package will be different for each different career type but must always meet the needs of the employees and the organization. A proposal for a total compensation package for the information technology employees of Wal-Mart needs to be written.This proposal will include a description of the job group, a salary table for specific positions, a placement policy, benefits packages, and the way the plan is implemented by the organization. Job Group Information Technology Employees Information technology seems to be a field with rapid growth; according to Taylor (2010), careers in the IT world expects to grow 32% by 20 18. It appears every company has some kind of computer related work involved to help the company succeed. â€Å"A strong background in the technical fundamentals of computer science and programming languages like Java, Microsoft.NET, and C++ are obviously important for success in the field. But a creative brain and an ambition to stay updated on the newest advances in the field — whether through books or training — are also key† (Taylor, 2010, para. 4). Information Technology also involves strong communication with others, creativity, the ability to work in a team, and a strong undergraduate background. Although much knowledge is need to succeed in IT, it appears the pay scale and advancement opportunities will pay off.Positions within this area of work include cyber-security, graphic design, technology architects, web page developers, and software engineers. Wal-Mart seems to be in search for technology employees. Technology is use in Wal-Mart to run the global market. Wal-Mart (2012) states that â€Å"[The company] is focused on developing new technologies to transform the way customers’ shop†¦we’re helping to improve operations, back-room systems and Wal-Mart’s world-class logistics network, speeding products to customers across the globe† (para. 1).Wal-Mart’s technology department makes up of 3,500 employees in the United States and 2,000 globally (Wal-Mart, 2012). Wal-Mart (2012) states that a career in the technology department of the company will offer an employee exciting projects, investments in new technology, training, development, and exposure. Wal-Mart seems to offer careers such as Software Quality Engineers, Sr. System Engineers, Software Developers, and Project Managers. Salary Table This salary table is created for the job group and specific positions offered by Wal- Mart.To determine where an employee would fall within the salary category, the guidelines are list below: Minimum- Thi s is the entry level, this means the person fulfills the minimum job requirements. Level A- The employee has the experience and knowledge to master most of the duties in an independent manner. Usually, employees who fall in the Minimum and Level A stage are in their developmental phase because they are still learning. Level B- This employee is highly experience and his or her level of productivity exceeds the job requirements.Employees whose salary fall in an Level A and B are in the maturity phase because they have mastered the skills. Maximum- The employee is continuous producing results that are above the requirements. Employees in the level B and Maximum are in the leadership phase. They have demonstrated superior leadership skills and strong commitment to the organization. ProfileSoftware Quality EngineerMinimumLevel ALevel BMaximum Entry- Level $44,497$49,036$54,023$58,869 Mid- Level$54,498$60,978$68,095$76,144 Senior- Level$70,429$78,825$88,047$96,980ProfileSystems EngineerMi nimumLevel ALevel BMaximum Entry- Level$46, 419$50, 843$55,702$62,267 Mid- Level$56,277$62,815$69,996$77,381 Senior -Level$69,723$77,109$85,221$94,213 ProfileSoftware DevelopersMinimumLevel ALevel BMaximum Entry- Level$41,844$47,393$53,488$59,942 Mid- Level$54,916$62,019$69,821$78,016 Senior- Level$71,549$79,009$87,202$95,965 ProfileProject ManagerMinimumLevel ALevel BMaximum Entry- Level $42,248$50,143$58,815$68,409 Mid- Level$57,560$66,878$77,113$88,150 Senior -Level$70,110$79,759$90,356$102,019 Placement PackagesProper compensation is essential for members, staff, and organization so that it is a field of education and professional title of Employment Placement Specialist. Often times there can be an imbalance of effort in the workplace; qualified candidates need to be met with sufficient recompense. Pay structures can vary by hourly wage, tier, grade, salary or levels. Wal-mart’s employee compensation will be set at hourly rates depending on beginning and intermediate exp erience level and transition to salary for at the junior and senior levels.The range of experience with respect to compensation is as follows Beginner Zero-Two Years of Experience; High School Diploma or GED IntermediateTwo-Five Years of Experience; High School Diploma or GED; previous work experience; on the job experience Junior Five-Ten Years of Experience; High School Diploma or GED; College Degree; previous work experience; on the job experience Senior 10+ Years of Experience; High School Diploma or GED; College Degree Master’s level; previous work experience; on the job experience Compensation ranges will be discussed during interview process.Once a candidate is select, a definite wage will be set for beginning and intermediate positions. For junior and senior level a series of predetermined work related questions, including levels of education, work experiences, and qualifications will determine the salary offered. Employees will receive medical benefits and bonus or m erit packages. Compensation levels and packages will be present to executive staff managers for approval or change, and incorporate necessary changes. In addition communication with HR is necessary for successful implementation and effective monitoring of process along with proper literature.Benefits Package As with any organization, Wal-Mart provides their employees with benefits packages that suit the needs of those who are involve. Some of the most popular benefits are those indirect and not of monetary value the way a salary or hourly pay is. Some of the more popular benefits are insurance, overtime, leave, flexible timing, and retirement. These options are more widely offered because of the long- term benefits of job stability and employee retention. When an employee offers a benefit that they may use in the future or take advantage of more often he or she may be more likely to appreciate his or her position.Perhaps the most important indirect benefit that many people take adva ntage of is insurance. By having coverage through their employer an individual would not have to worry about finding a third party and paying more for health care costs. â€Å"Insurance coverage, for instance, is often terribly expensive, so the company that offers medical and/or life insurance to employees as part of its benefits package is bestowing significant savings on those employees and their families† (Reference for Business, n. d).If Wal-Mart were to offer their full- time employees coverage that was affordable and widely accepted it is believe that many of their employees would have a better experience with their jobs. Although benefit packages, direct or indirect, are offers to employees as a positive incentive they can create obstacles when accepted. For instance, if an employee considers salary, exempt, they are not required to be paid overtime even if he or she has worked the hours. This might cause a problem between the employee and management because he or she are being overwork for no pay.Being paid overtime considers an indirect benefit because many employees, as with Wal-Mart, are not expected to work more than 40 hours a week. This same kind of issue may arise with an employee choosing to use the company insurance, which is a benefit for him or her. They may have needs, not covered in the policy that provides, and still have to pay more out-of- pocket than expected. The best way to avoid issues with indirect compensation is to be sure everything is explain, in writing, to the employee so that the employer is not at risk in the future of acquiring a fair labor law suit brought upon him or her.Wal-Mart should create a detailed benefits package for their employees to read and sign in acknowledgement. This will ensure that everything is understood and that all questions regarding the indirect compensation are asked and addressed appropriately. Conclusion Compensation was once the foremost attraction to a workplace. People traveled the tr aditional roadways of education with the ultimate destination of a first-rate job in their field with best reward.Today with elevated unemployment rates, a world crammed with terrorist, cancer, and other illness invasions, natural disasters, and plain old trigger happy citizens; qualified, unqualified, and over qualified candidates alike are seeking two for the price of one. A job to make ends meet while enjoying life and all its positive proffers. Whatever the reason is necessary that organizations meet the needs of its qualified candidates with fair and appropriate compensation be hourly wage, tier, grade, salary or level. Employees which are fairly compensate perform better in the workplace and in their personal lives. Work is not man's punishment. It is his reward and his strength and his pleasure. † –George Sand ? References Cascio, W. (2010). Managing human resources (8th ed. ). New York , NY: McGraw-Hill. Taylor, M. (2010). The wall street journal. Retrieved from http://online. wsj. com/article/SB10001 424052748704358904575478133397664058. html Reference for Business (n. d). Employee benefits. Retrieved from http://www. referenceforbusiness. com/small/Di-Eq/Employee-Benefits. html Wal-Mart (2012). Retrieved from http://careers. walmart. com/careers-in-technology/ http://humanresources. about. com

Low Income Areas Lack For Unhealthy Meals Essay - 903 Words

Diagnosis So there is a trend, but why are those with low incomes more susceptible to obesity? There are many factors. Low income areas lack in resources that produce healthy options. Residents are limited to convenience stores that have limited selection of healthy, affordable foods. Lack of transportation limits low income families because they cannot drive to the grocery store very often. In the occasional trips that they do make, they have to buy foods that will keep for a long time, until they are able to shop again. Preservatives in food generally make for unhealthy meals. â€Å"Households with limited resources to buy enough food often try to stretch their food budgets by purchasing cheap, energy-dense foods that are filling – that is, they try to maximize their calories per dollar in order to stave off hunger (frac.org, 2014).† For those who have no transportation, they may not even have the opportunity to travel to the social services office to sign up for fo od assistance. Individuals with low income often face high levels of stress and sometimes mental illness such as depression. Metabolic issues that stem from stress make it difficult to maintain a healthy weight. This affects people of every age and income, but it may be especially prevalent to those with low income as they have the stress of bills that cannot be paid, or food that cannot be purchased. No access to healthcare means that they have no one to help them cope with or treat their illnesses. (frac.org,Show MoreRelatedThe Weight Of The Nation871 Words   |  4 Pagesequally as unhealthy. As another woman put it, â€Å"you are taught that you can eat anywhere, anytime of day, and that eating is a glorious thing†. Another shift that has occurred is an economic one. If you go into a poor neighborhood corner store like they did in the film, you would see chips, sugar, sweets, etc. All of these unhealthy foods are cheap, incredibly cheaper than fresh fruits and vegetables . 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